Such bureaucratic obstacles are in strong contrast to the situation of ethnic Turkmen weavers in other countries, such as Afghanistan or Pakistan.
Such heavy regulation is part of the reason those countries have become the most available source of Turkmen carpets today, broadly eclipsing the carpets' original homeland.
In Afghanistan and Pakistan, the Turkmen communities have grown well attuned to the world market, including creating new designs to meet changing tastes.
Presently a new kind of high quality Turkmen-made carpet called the 'chobi' is gaining notice and increasing popularity, among Western clients.
They use natural dyes from different types of wood seemingly returning back to nature.
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